We wanted “real drama in a flat landscape” – Paul Baker on Gardens by the Bay

World Architecture Festival 2012: in our final movie from the World Architecture Festival we take another look at the World Building of the Year, Gardens by the Bay, as Wilkinson Eyre Architects’ Paul Baker explains how the design team used vertical planting to create “some real drama in a very flat landscape.”

Gardens by the Bay

Officially the award was given to the architects for the cooled conservatories at Bay South, but at the ceremony director Paul Finch explained that they wanted to recognise the whole team that worked on the enormous tropical garden in Singapore, which also features tree-like towers covered in climbing plants.

Gardens by the Bay

“One of the rather amazing things about Singapore is that things do grow,” says Baker, discussing these vertical gardens. He explains how around the world vertical planting requires “a lot of irrigation and a lot of work” but in this project they could easily “put things in the air and get them to survive”.

Gardens by the Bay

Bay South is the largest and first to complete of three landscaped gardens at the 100-hectare Gardens by the Bay site, which is sited on reclaimed land that had been a park before. Baker discusses how the government took a “brave decision” to keep the area as a large park, which in turn “increased the commercial value” of land at the perimeter. “I think they had some very good foresighted thoughts about how to make this a special place,” he says.

Gardens by the Bay

Read more about Gardens by the Bay in our earlier story. You can also watch our interview with Baker just after receiving the award, or hear more about the project from architect Chris Wilkinson.

We’ve published a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies, plus more stories about WAF 2012.

Photography is by Craig Sheppard.

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People in Vietnam want “green buildings” – Vo Trong Nghia on Binh Duong School

World Architecture Festival 2012: Vietnamese architect Vo Trong Nghia won two awards at the World Architecture Festival last month and in this second interview he discusses how “green buildings” that use less energy are the future of architecture in Vietnam, like his naturally ventilated Binh Duong School that won the schools category.

Binh Duong School by Vo Trong Nghia

“We, the Vietnamese, need to think about climate change, so we should make a house, a school, a building using less energy,” says Nghia, as he explains how the rising sea levels caused by climate change are a frequent cause of flooding to the country.

Binh Duong School by Vo Trong Nghia

The architect describes how Binh Duong School was designed without air conditioning in the classrooms. Instead, vertical louvres and perforated screens covering the facade allow air to flow freely across the external corridors and into each room. “The louvres stop the direct sunlight,” he says.

Binh Duong School by Vo Trong Nghia

Located in the town of Di An, just north of Ho Chi Minh City, the school comprises a single five-storey building for junior and high school students. Nghia explains how he’d like to design a similar type of building for offices in the city, where ventilation is provided naturally and only computers are relient on the electricity, which he says often cuts out.

Binh Duong School by Vo Trong Nghia

To conclude, the architect describes how he believes low-energy buildings would be welcomed by the people of Vietnam. Describing the humid climate, he claims that stepping out of the “terrible hot” into a “green building” makes people “feel good”.

Read more about Binh Duong School in our earlier story, watch our first interview with Vo Trong Nghia about his design for the Stacking Green house or see all our stories about Vo Trong Nghia.

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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“I hope that Singapore doesn’t have a style” – Kerry Hill on Martin No. 38

World Architecture Festival 2012: architect Kerry Hill won the award in the housing category at the World Architecture Festival with his design for an apartment building in Singapore and in this interview we filmed he discusses how he believes the nation is developing an “emerging approach to design” rather than an architectural style.

Martin No. 38 by Kerry Hill Architects

Hill, an Australian architect, moved to Singapore in the late 1970s and he describes how “the standard of architecture” and the “sense of architectural community” has significantly improved since then. ”More and more the quite important and certainly the more interesting buildings are being done by home-grown Singaporeans,” he explains.

Martin No. 38 by Kerry Hill Architects

Martin No. 38 is the architect’s first housing project in Singapore and comprises a series of apartment blocks in a former warehouse area near to the Singapore River. The architect describes how the building was driven by the climate as much as the programme. “The trick with building in the tropics is not to exclude the sun, but to invite it in through a series of filters,” he says.

Martin No. 38 by Kerry Hill Architects

These filters take the form of a louvred facade system that residents can control, allowing them to “mediate climate, noise and privacy”. Each apartment also has an open-plan layout for additional flexibility, while terraces are created at the base of each building as “outdoor living spaces”.

Martin No. 38 by Kerry Hill Architects

However, Hill also explains how he thinks the design scene “isn’t just about apartments” in Singapore. ”I simply think that Singapore is maturing and the design community is emerging as a force,” he says. “It is a place today where developers understand that good design sells.”

Martin No. 38 by Kerry Hill Architects

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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– Kerry Hill on Martin No. 38
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An art college should be “a blank canvas” – Paul Williams on Central Saint Martins

World Architecture Festival 2012: architect Paul Williams of Stanton Williams tells Dezeen editor-in-chief Marcus Fairs why his team designed the new campus for London art and design college Central Saint Martins as “a blank canvas” where different disciplines could “take form and ownership”, in this movie we filmed at the World Architecture Festival last month.

Campus for Central Saint Martins by Stanton Williams

The project won the award in the higher education and research category and brings together all the disparate faculties of the school into a single campus constructed in and around a Victorian granary and two former transit sheds at King’s Cross.

Campus for Central Saint Martins by Stanton Williams

Williams describes how they used unfinished materials such as raw timber and concrete for the walls and surfaces. ”When you’re creating an art college, the one thing you’re not looking to do is impose a strong architectural identity,” he says. “It’s the actual disciplines that should create the identity.”

Campus for Central Saint Martins by Stanton Williams

An internal street runs through the centre of the buildings, creating an exhibition area between the studios of each department. “We have created much more shared space, so there is less space in ownership of departments,” says Williams. “It is space that can be used by all of the disciplines.”

Campus for Central Saint Martins by Stanton Williams

The architect also discusses the importance of flexibility, which will allow the campus to “morph” in the future. ”A lot of the areas and walls that are built are soft and they can be knocked down and reconfigured,” he says. “The principle of the building is it is a stage for transformation.”

Campus for Central Saint Martins by Stanton Williams

Read more about the campus for Central Saint Martins in our earlier story, or see more stories about Stanton Williams, including our interview with Alan Stanton about the Stirling Prize-winning Sainsbury Laboratory.

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

Photography is by Hufton + Crow.

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– Paul Williams on Central Saint Martins
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“In Vietnam we have problems with energy” – Vo Trong Nghia on Stacking Green

World Architecture Festival: in this movie we filmed, architect Vo Trong Nghia explains how the house he designed with a vertical garden on its facade incorporates natural daylighting and ventilation systems that are invaluable in Vietnam, which experiences heavy rain and high temperatures, but often suffers day-long power shortages.

Stacking Green by Vo Trong Nghia

Named Stacking Green, the building won the award in the house category at the World Architecture Festival in Singapore earlier this month and is located in Ho Chi Minh City.

Stacking Green by Vo Trong Nghia

“In Vietnam we have many problems with energy and electricity, it can stop many times a day,” Nghia tells Dezeen editor-in-chief Marcus Fairs. During these times light is able to filter into the house through the inner wall of glazing, but the twelve layers of plants in front prevent direct sunlight from passing through and increasing the internal temperature.

Stacking Green by Vo Trong Nghia

Natural ventilation also comes through this planted facade. ”To invite wind into the house you open a window and then the air goes through the vertical garden,” he says. “Even when it is raining you can open the windows.”

Stacking Green by Vo Trong Nghia

Nghia also discusses how Vietnam is “developing so quick,” but shouldn’t fall into the easy trap of following the architectural styles of western countries. “The climate is totally different, yet we almost do the same thing,” he says, before explaining why he designed this house for the continuous “hot summer” rather than for the changing seasons of Europe.

Read more about Stacking Green in our earlier story, or see more stories about Vo Trong Nghia.

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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– Vo Trong Nghia on Stacking Green
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“We’re trying to find a Singaporean context” – Pan Yi Cheng on Herman Miller at XTRA

World Architecture Festival 2012: Pan Yi Cheng of Singapore studio P.A.C won the award in the retail category at the World Architecture Festival with his design for a shop for furniture brand Herman Miller. In this movie we filmed, the architect explains how a recent emergence of young practices is helping Singapore become a “more vibrant” place that is starting to find its own identity.

Herman Miller at XTRA by P.A.C

“Culturally we are quite unique, you can say we are on the crossroads between east and west,” says Cheng. Describing the architectural context, he explains: ”We have a completely modern masterplan with a Corbusian vision, but culturally we are ingrained still with Asian thinking.”

Herman Miller at XTRA by P.A.C

The architect designed an undulating lattice of plywood that folds up around Herman Miller furniture at an XTRA homeware store in Singapore. He describes how he was inspired by the construction of the chairs on show to create a system of modular pieces that are “joined together with a simple, interlocking lapping joint.”

Herman Miller at XTRA by P.A.C

Cheng explains how this is the smallest project from his Singapore studio, which he started three years ago after a period of working and studying in London. “There’s a lot more things happening in Asia,” he says. Despite completing his own education in the west, he discusses how he also believes education is rapidly progressing in the east to become more “means-driven” rather than “ends-driven”, as it is at the moment. ”Once we reach a level of maturity in terms of a discourse we will be able to go for something which is more means-driven,” he says.

Herman Miller at XTRA by P.A.C

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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– Pan Yi Cheng on Herman Miller at XTRA
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We “convinced” doctors to move to an open-plan wing – Kristen Whittle and Ron Billard

World Architecture Festival 2012: architects Kristen Whittle and Ron Billard explain how meerkats, fish and open-plan offices for consultants helped provide better care for sick children at the Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, the winner in the health category at the World Architecture Festival.

Royal Children’s Hospital by Billard Leece Partnership and Bates Smart

Above: photograph is by Shannon McGrath

Billard Leece Partnership and Bates Smart collaborated on the design of the hospital, which replaces an existing facility, and the architects describe their decision to remove private rooms from the wards as “one of the most transformational things” they did with the new building. “By interacting with other professionals, [the doctors] are looking at solving problems in a holistic way,” says Billard.

Royal Children's Hospital by Billard Leece Partnership and Bates Smart

The pair also describe the challenges of redesigning a “much-loved institution.” The new building centres around a six-storey atrium containing grass-like green spaces, a meerkat enclosure and an aquarium. Billard explains how these devices were intended to create spaces that are “relaxing, not stressful” for children. “Hospitals can be pretty scary places,” he says.

Royal Children's Hospital by Billard Leece Partnership and Bates Smart

Above: photograph is by Shannon McGrath

Rooms in the each of the wards offer views over the gardens and courtyards. ”The amount of beds in this hospital is more or less the same as the existing facility, so even though it is a much bigger building, there is only the same amount of beds, says Whittle. “The idea is not to deal with vast quantities of kids, but more become a specialist model for only the acute problems.”

Royal Children's Hospital by Billard Leece Partnership and Bates Smart

Above: photograph is by John Gollings

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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Turkey has “learnt how to be in a crisis” – Murat Cengiz on Bodrum Airport

World Architecture Festival 2012: Murat Cengiz of Tabanlioglu Architects says that Turkey has one of the fastest-growing economies in the world because they have ”learnt how to be in a crisis,” in this interview we filmed about the firm’s airport project that topped the transport category at this year’s World Architecture Festival.

Bodrum International Airport by Tabanlioglu Architects

Turkey’s economy expanded by 8.5% last year, which this week prompted the organiser of the inaugural Istanbul Design Biennial to declare that the nation “needs good design more than other countries,” and Bodrum International Airport is one of many projects to emerge from this period of rapid development.

Bodrum International Airport by Tabanlioglu Architects

The building has a steel and glass structure with large column-free spaces and clear signage to direct passengers around the terminal. ”The main idea was to make a very simple airport,” explained Cengiz. “Its just a massive box and then a big glass bridge looking to the north where the aeroplanes are coming in”.

Bodrum International Airport by Tabanlioglu Architects

The architect also discusses the sustainability of designing a “summer resort” airport. “The envelope was very important,” he explains, before describing the natural ventilation and cooling systems in place. He cites a naturally ventilated house as a precedent and says: ”We are learning from small scales to try and go to the bigger scales.”

Bodrum International Airport by Tabanlioglu Architects

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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– Murat Cengiz on Bodrum Airport
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Workplaces can become “more hybrid in their nature” – Jeff Morehen on Darling Quarter

World Architecture Festival 2012: in this movie, Australian architect Jeff Morehen of Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp tells Dezeen editor-in-chief Marcus Fairs how the workplaces of the future should be “more hybrid in their nature” and accommodate public facilities, just like his Darling Quarter offices in Sydney that won the office category at the World Architecture Festival this month.

Darling Quarter by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp

Located beside the harbour, the building curls around a large open space to create a public park and children’s play area. “Putting an office in a park was quite an unusual commission,” says Morehen, before explaining how his team had to overcome the “corporate nature and privatisation” that usually accompanies this kind of commercial building.

Darling Quarter by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp

Above: photograph is by Florian Groehn

The architect compares the project to some of the public buildings his studio has worked on. “Often libraries that we’re invited to do are more than a library, they become a community meeting space with a whole series of overlaid functions,” he explains. “I think it’s very natural that we start thinking about that for our workplaces.”

Darling Quarter by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp

Cafes, bars and restaurants line the edge of the ground floor, creating open spaces that can also be used as workplaces. Morehen describes how the current generation of office workers are “no longer tied to desks” and can use the city as their workplace. ”No longer are we individuals just tapping away at computers, he says. “More and more we’re collaborative and we need a range of settings to do that.”

Darling Quarter by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

Darling Quarter by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

Photography is by John Gollings, apart from where otherwise stated.

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If China doesn’t go green “it’s the end of the world” – Li Xiaodong on Liyuan Library

World Architecture Festival 2012: in this movie we filmed at the World Architecture Festival, Chinese architect Li Xiaodong tells Dezeen editor-in-chief Marcus Fairs how ”sustainability is a must” for new buildings in China, because if the country doesn’t get it right it’s ”the end of the world”.

Liyuan Library by Li Xiaodong

The architect stresses that now China’s population is approaching 1.4 billion, that the country needs to ”really reconsider the way we construct and we think about our society.”

Liyuan Library by Li Xiaodong

Xiaodong won the award in the culture category with his design for the Liyuan Library clad in firewood in a small village outside Beijing and he describes how technology was an important aspect of the project. Although the building looks “untechnologically expressive,” it features an integrated cooling system that draws cold air from the surface of a lake in summer and pulls it up through the building.

Liyuan Library by Li Xiaodong

The frame of the library is made from chunky timber beams, while the cladding is wooden sticks. “I tried to go back to nature, said Xiaodong. “Around 99 percent of the materials can be recycled and this is part of the concept we need to promote.”

Liyuan Library by Li Xiaodong

Read more about the Liyuan Library in our earlier story.

We’ve filmed a series of interviews with award winners at the World Architecture Festival. See all the movies we’ve published so far, including our interview with architect Chris Wilkinson about the World Building of the Year.

See all our stories about WAF 2012 »

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the world” – Li Xiaodong on Liyuan Library
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