What the Adirondack Chair Used to Look Like

The original version of the Adirondack chair looked pretty different from the one we know today. The earlier version was called the Westport Chair after Westport, New York, the town where it was designed.

A typical modern-day Adirondack chair. (Image: Greg Hume, CC BY-SA 3.0)

A Westport chair, circa 1905.

The first Westport Chair was designed by Thomas Lee, a non-designer and Harvard graduate who dropped out of law school. Born into a wealthy Masschusetts family, Lee didn’t need to generate income, and enjoyed spending time at his family’s summer home in Westport, New York. An outdoorsman at heart, Lee spent 1900 to 1903 trying to perfect an outdoor chair for the Westport retreat, testing it out with various family members before settling on the design you see here.

When local carpenter and friend Harry Bunnell looked like he was going to run out of work, Lee gave him the design, encouraging him to make and sell the chair. Bunnell did just that, and patented the design in 1905; while this was apparently fine with the charitable Lee—who “had no interest in manufacturing,” according to Bruce Ware, Lee’s great-great-nephew–the arrangement “caused bitterness in some of the descendants,” according to upstate New York newspaper The Sun, who tracked down Ware to get the chair’s origin story.

While the chairs sold well, over the years deforestation made it harder to find the wide, knot-free hemlock boards the chair’s back and seat were made from. By 1938, New Jersey inventor Irving Wolpin patented a version of the design made from narrower, more readily-available boards. The chair’s overall form was streamlined, and a contoured profile was added to the seat’s front.

It’s not clear how this design came to be called the Adirondack chair, but this is the version that, being more manufacturable, gained true mass popularity (minus that contour on the seat front, which many have done away with). As far as I can tell, the patent has lapsed—Wolpin’s 1938 patent has “Term of patent 7 years” written on it—and numerous companies today make chairs they freely call Adirondack chairs. There are even versions made from recycled plastic, which is a much better materials choice from a durability and maintenance standpoint.

Recycled HDPE Adirondack Chair by Polywood

However, if you still want to buy a wood Westport chair—and don’t want to pay the $6,000 – $8,500 the originals are going for on antiques sites—New-York-based Dartbrook Rustic Goods sells their take on the Westport Chair for $345.

Reader Submitted: This Self Driving Car Service Concept is a Food Systems Solution That Delivers Hydroponic Plants to Your Door

Do you know what needs to be done for greens to show up in your grocery store? It’s estimated that the United States’ meals travel about 1,500 miles to get from the farm to plate. Farmers’ markets are open overwhelmingly fewer months, days, and hours than nearby stores. On average, they offer less than half as many varieties of fresh produce items and fresh-produce categories. Due to seasonal and local availability, sourcing can be hard for many farmer’s markets.

Meet Infinite Green, a selection and delivery service that provides hydroponically grown produce, fruit, and herbs directly to the user. When you make an order, your plants are placed in enclosed pods that keep them fresh and thriving. A self-driving truck transports and exchanges orders to keep users supplied with a wide variety of food.

View the full project here

Michael Alm's Elaborately-Made Plywood Edge Banding

This is a long way to go to achieve a unique decorating effect, but I still enjoy watching experiments like this. Woodworker Michael Alm was willing to put in oh, 10x the labor of creating ordinary hardwood edge banding by cutting up, rearranging, relaminating and veneering plywood into strips with an eye-catching pattern.

Here’s his process, mistakes included:

I’ll put this in the category of “Things I might have wondered about and attempted, but I’m glad I didn’t” after seeing all of the extra labor, glue, electricity and elbow grease this required. That being said, I really do like the visual effect.

Whiz 2.0 luminaire by Meteor Lighting

Whiz luminaire by Meteor Lighting

Dezeen Showroom: Meteor Lighting has designed the Whiz 2.0 luminaire to illuminate spaces with high ceilings through either direct and indirect light.

The Whiz 2.0 ceiling light marries high performance with a compact form that Meteor Lighting describes as “architectural and sleek”.

Whiz luminaire by Meteor Lighting
The Whiz 2.0 can be flipped to provide indirect lighting

Delivering a brightness of up to 36,000 lumens, the design boasts a number of innovative features.

Its shade can be flipped to provide either direct or indirect lighting, while the light’s warmth can be tuned between 3,000 and 5,000 Kelvin.

Whiz luminaire by Meteor Lighting
The colour temperature can also be configured

Whiz 2.0 is also available with a special natatorium finish that makes the high-bay luminaire suited to wet environments like indoor swimming pools.

Winner of the Lightfair Innovation Award 2019, the Whiz 2.0 is compatible with ceiling heights above 10 metres.

Product: Whiz 2.0
Brand: Meteor Lighting
Contact: marketing@meteor-lighting.com

About Dezeen Showroom: Dezeen Showroom offers an affordable space for brands to launch new products and showcase their designers and projects to Dezeen’s huge global audience. For more details email showroom@dezeen.com.

Dezeen Showroom is an example of partnership content on Dezeen. Find out more about partnership content here.

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Eos Platform Lounger by Matthew Hilton for Case Furniture

Eos Platform lounger by Matthew Hilton for Case Furniture

Dezeen Showroom: designed by Matthew Hilton for Case Furniture, the Eos Platform Lounger combines a sunbed with an elongated side table.

Made from powder-coated aluminium with a sling seat, the Eos Platform Lounger is stackable for storage and incorporates two discreet wheels and plastic floor glides to make it easy to move around.

Eos Platform lounger by Matthew Hilton for Case Furniture
The Eos Platform Lounger is available in rust, black or white

The frame is built to withstand weathering and rusting, while its Textilene fabric upholstery is mould-, mildew- and UV-resistant.

The table can be attached to either side of the lounger to provide ample space for drinks, books and other essentials.

Eos Platform lounger by Matthew Hilton for Case Furniture
The lounger has an all-weather fabric sling seat

The lounger is part of Hilton and Case Furniture‘s Eos collection of contemporary, lightweight outdoor furniture, and pairs well with the side table and lounge armchair.

It is available in a black, white or rust finish.

Product: Eos Platform Lounger
Designer: Matthew Hilton
Brand: Case Furniture
Contact: sales@casefurniture.com

About Dezeen Showroom: Dezeen Showroom offers an affordable space for brands to launch new products and showcase their designers and projects to Dezeen’s huge global audience. For more details email showroom@dezeen.com.

Dezeen Showroom is an example of partnership content on Dezeen. Find out more about partnership content here.

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Five architecture and design events in August from Dezeen Events Guide

Burning Man 2020 update

The second virtual Burning Man festival, an architecture conference featuring Bjarke Ingels and an online talk by Venus Williams at the AIA Conference on Architecture 2021 are just some of the global events listed in Dezeen Events Guide this August.

Other additions to the August roster of events include Open House Prague, Summer Design Week Stockholm and Budapest Design Week.

Read on for details or head over to the Dezeen Events Guide to see a more extensive list of architecture and design events taking place around the world.

tokyo 1964 designing tomorrow exhibition poster
This month’s events include a digital version of Burning Man festival called Virtual Burn (top) and an exhibition showcasing original Tokyo 1964 posters, tickets and design guides (above)

Tokyo 1964 Designing Tomorrow
London, 5 August to 7 November

The Tokyo 2020 Olympics is well underway, and the design legacy of the Tokyo 1964 Olympic Games will be explored at Japan House London.

The two-month-long exhibition looks at the history of the games as well as the influence it has had on the country’s economic and creative growth.

Visitors are able to peruse exhibits such as original 1964 posters, tickets and the design guide, which was the first of its kind for a sporting event. Architectural models showcasing building design and uniforms from the games are also on display.

Virtual Burn
Online, 22 August to 7 September

For the second consecutive year, Burning Man festival will be held virtually due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Visitors to the iconic festival can enter six different metaverses through their phone, laptop, browser or virtual-reality headset. They can then freely roam the spaces and customise them with their own digital art.

The digital event will retain some of its in-person quirks: each venue within the metaverse will have a different theme.

“It has never been easier to participate in Burning Man culture than today via the six community-built Worlds,” said Marian Goodell, Burning Man CEO.

Bjarke Ingels is set to speak at The Lobby in Copenhagen

The Lobby
Copenhagen, 24 August

Architect Bjarke Ingels – who has been hailed as this century’s Frank Lloyd Wright – IKEA’s chief sustainability officer Pia Heidenmark Cook and designer Ilse Crawford are just some of the names speaking at The Lobby.

Comprised of a day’s worth of talks and discussions, the Copenhagen-based hospitality event aims to address the current state of the hotel industry by encouraging debate, stimulating discussion and challenging thinking.

Africa Fashion Week London
London, 22 August

A variety of African designers and those inspired by African fashion come together for Africa Fashion Week London.

As the largest fashion week promoting African fashion in Europe, the event includes a collaborative catwalk, exhibition and business development programme.

Since its launch in 2011, Africa Fashion Week London has sought to bring awareness to Africa’s growing fashion industry. Over 800 emerging designers and exhibitors from Africa, Europe and America have showcased their work to almost 70,000 visitors including buyers, retailers and industry professionals.

venus williams
Venus Williams will draw on her experience of change and resilience for the keynote talk at the AIA Conference

Venus Williams: The Need for Change
Online, 19 August

American radio producer Roman Mars is set to interview tennis champion Venus Williams to round off the AIA Conference on Architecture 2021.

Under the theme The Need for Change, the pair will discuss leadership, resilience and change. As the keynote speaker, Williams will draw on her experience as the founder of a commercial and residential design firm called V Starr.

Originally meant to be held in 2020, the AIA Conference on Architecture was postponed until 2021 due to the coronavirus pandemic. It brings together leaders in architecture and design over a four-day online event featuring celebrity talks, product demos, interviews and seminars.

About Dezeen Events Guide

Dezeen Events Guide is our guide to the best architecture and design events taking place across the world each year.

The guide is updated weekly and includes virtual events, conferences, trade fairs, major exhibitions and design weeks, as well as up-to-date information about what events have been cancelled or postponed due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic.

Inclusion in the guide is free for basic listings, with events selected at Dezeen’s discretion. Organisers can get enhanced or premium listings for their events, including images, additional text and links, by paying a modest fee.

In addition, events can ensure inclusion by partnering with Dezeen. For more details on inclusion in Dezeen Events Guide and media partnerships with Dezeen, email eventsguide@dezeen.com.

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Word of Mouth: Mt Pleasant, South Carolina

Beyond its natural delights, this city’s brimming with unexpected treasures

Exploring Mt Pleasant, South Carolina can be surprising. The oft-overlooked sibling to Charleston feels like unearthing a long forgotten sweater that happens to fit perfectly. A quick drive across the Coopers River (or a steep bike ride if you’re feeling active), Charleston and Mt Pleasant seem interconnected, and share the same airport. Yet Mt Pleasant’s expansive feeling—with its unique and sprawling neighborhoods, glorious historic homes and charming waterfronts—offers the ideal foil to Charleston’s more bustling downtown ambiance.

Founded in the 18th century (originally as a summertime retreat for wealthy Charleston families), Mt Pleasant’s Old Village district now features a charming main street of shops. The Shem Creek area is a prime waterfront arena to view the shrimp boats haul their wares in, with dolphins in hot pursuit. (If you’re lucky you may catch a glimpse of a pod nibbling on the leftovers from the day’s catch.) With Sullivan Island just a quick bike ride over the Ben Sawyer Bridge, the reward for your efforts is three miles of pristine beachfront with no commercial development to interrupt the view. This city will win you over with its quintessential southern charm, growing culinary scene and ample natural delights.

Post House

A coastal restaurant with a newly launched small suite of rooms upstairs, Post House just underwent a two year renovation under the stewardship of Kate and Ben Towill of Basic Projects. The design duo managed to hold onto the history of the building (originally built in 1896) and create a restaurant with a warm, convivial neighborhood energy. The robin’s egg blue exterior painted trim and shutters continue upstairs as a soothing wall color in select bedrooms, while the dining area embraces warmer tones—from the red tufted chairs to the striped outdoor awning in the back garden. The menu offers a seasonal mix of American eats with a Low Country twist, proudly highlighting the local farms and providers they work with. Pair the East Coast oysters and fish and shrimp curry with a bottle from their surprising wines section.

The Shellmore

To experience the charm of I’On Village, a quaint residential community within Mt Pleasant, head to The Shellmore. Best known for their oysters, the eatery’s fresh, daily menu features plenty of locally caught specialties. Enjoy a night of seafood at their wood-paneled horseshoe bar or take in the warm South Carolina air under the striped umbrellas in the back garden.

Charleston Artist Collective

Located just down the street from Post House in the historic Old Village neighborhood, the Charleston Artist Collective was founded more than a decade ago by Charleston native Allison Williamson. Recognizing the demand for affordable art, and with a growing roster of local artists in her rolodex, Williamson set out to create an art gallery that felt as inviting as its prices. Today, she features works ranging from $75 to $7,500 and has added in a charitable element to sales, allowing her to donate over $200,000 to various non-profits across the country.

Elizabeth Stuart

An American interior designer and the founder of her eponymous design boutique, Elizabeth Stuart has been a fixture on the Charleston design scene since her shop first opened in 1996. An avid traveler, she finds treasures all over the globe, but the inviting atmosphere of her shop provides a definite feeling of cohesion. Venetian glass bowls, antique French caned seating and gilded mirrors are just the start of the curious and lovely finds you may unearth.

Coastal Crust

A visit to the navy A-frame of Coastal Crust, a family-run pizza restaurant, feels like an event—from the handmade dough and pizza options crammed full of seasonal delights to the ambiance. Their signature vintage truck-turned-oven provides a lovely backdrop, while ample outdoor space complete with cozy fire-pits sets a great mood for al fresco experiences.

Images courtesy of respective venues, hero image courtesy of Post House

Paul Cocksedge's Time Loop represents ongoing transformation of Hong Kong neighbourhood

eight circling loops of timber form time loop

British designer Paul Cocksedge has inserted a timber structure of infinite loops into a public square in Kwun Tong, Hong Kong.

Cocksedge partnered with property developer Sino Group on the installation in Yue Man Square, which aims to transform the space into a vibrant place for reflection and socialising.

time loop in a square in hong kong
Time Loop is located in the ever-changing Kwun Tong square

Called Time Loop, the installation celebrates the ever-transforming nature of Kwun Tong, a large industrial district in Hong Kong that has seen steady development in recent years.

“This piece reflects on Kwun Tong specifically, and its architectural transformation,” Cocksedge told Dezeen.

“I wanted to reflect on this flow, and how the character of this local area has changed and evolved over time. My original drawings of this piece were always meant to represent movement, with a shape that had no beginning or end.”

people sitting on time loop
During the manufacturing process, the designers paid close attention to making the loops appear infinite

Time Loop is made up of eight loops of timber that measure 3.82 metres tall.

The interconnected rings form a continuous track that aims to reflect “a sense of motion and change”.

a child sits on time loop
A poem engraved into the structure also reflects on the passing of time

The structure provides a place for locals to meet, play, rest or contemplate their surroundings.

“I think the success of these types of projects relies on the opening up of new public space that can house public art, parks, seating and fountains,” Cocksedge said. “That’s what I’m excited about.”

It is engraved with an “infinite poem” in two languages, which also reflects on the passage of time.

people lying on time loop
Locals are able to sit, play, rest and take in their surroundings on Time Loop

Cocksedge used Accoya timber sourced from fast-growing and sustainably certified forests to create Time Loop.

“Time Loop required timber that would be resilient to all sorts of weather and temperature, while still able to bend and be formed into something as flowing as my original sketch,” said the designer. “We used laminated steam-bent Accoya, which was joined together in sections.”

The designer paid particular attention to making the timber seamlessly loop so that only a continuous piece is visible.

“We spent a lot of time on the engineered joins and ensured the wood grain lined up to create the appearance of an infinite loop,” he recalled.

aerial view of time loop
Cocksedge used Accoya timber to create the structure

Although Time Loop is a site-specific installation that has its roots firmly in Kwun Tong, Cocksedge believes that the installation responds to wider trends.

“I think cities all over the world will evolve over the coming years, particularly following on from the effects of Covid, which is likely to change how we interact with urban architecture and public spaces, as well as how we work in cities,” he said.

“It’s impossible to predict exactly how that’s going to play out in individual locations, but I’m hopeful it creates more of a canvas for creative people to work and create projects for the public.”

aerial view of a square in Hong Kong featuring time loop
The designers intended the timber loops to reflect the ongoing transformation of the area

Despite calling London his “creative home” Cocksedge was keen to create the installation in Hong Kong as he has close personal ties to the city.

“I’m very fond of Hong Kong, first and foremost because I have family there, but also because it’s offered a lot to me creatively speaking – several projects have arisen through partnerships with companies and individuals based in Hong Kong.”

The designer has created other public installations in cities around the world. For London Design Festival 2019, he completed Please Be Seated, an outdoor seating installation made of three concentric rings.

In 2020, he unveiled plans for the Exploded View bridge, a cross-laminated timber bridge across the Liesbeek River in Cape Town.

Photography is by Kris Provoost.

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Heatherwick's Vessel closes again after fourth suicide

Vessel by Heatherwick Studio

The Vessel viewpoint at New York’s Hudson Yards has temporarily closed after a fourth person died by suicide after jumping from the Heatherwick Studio-designed structure.

The attraction is currently closed after a 14-year-old boy jumped from its eighth floor last Thursday, just two months after the viewpoint reopened with new measures in place to prevent suicides.

It is the fourth suicide at the tourist attraction designed by British designer Thomas Heatherwick’s studio since it opened in 2019.

Visitors banned from entering alone

The Vessel is a honeycomb-shaped attraction composed of 154 staircases that meet at 80 platforms that was built as the centrepiece of the Hudson Yards development.

It reopened to the public on May 29 after being closed for four months. Among the measures introduced in the suicide-prevention overhaul was a buddy system that prevented people from entering the attraction alone.

“Vessel was envisioned as a shared, immersive design experience,” said a spokesperson for Hudson Yards developer Related Companies at the time.

“Requiring visitors to attend in groups of two or more significantly enhances the safety of the experience.”

Signs with the National Suicide Prevention Hotline number were also fixed along the walkways and on tickets. However, the height of the railings around the structures, which are chest-high, have not been altered.

Structure may not reopen

Following the latest suicide, reports suggest that Related Companies chairman Stephen Ross is considering closing the structure permanently after he told the Daily Beast: “we thought we did everything that would really prevent this”.

However, Lowell Kern, the chairman of the local community board disputed this claim and said “they could have raised the height of the barriers”.

Concerns about the potentially climbable barriers were raised as early as 2016, such as when Audrey Wachs of the Architects Newspaper said: “when you build high, folks will jump”.

The January closure followed the death of a 21-year-old man at the structure.

In December 2020, a 24-year-old woman from New York died after jumping from the structure, following the suicide of a 19-year-old man in February 2019 before the structure’s official opening.

Alongside concerns about its safety, the building has also attracted criticism over its aesthetic, for being a privately-funded development and the fact that Hudson Yards owned the rights to photographs taken at the structure.

In 2019 Heatherwick defended the project in a talk with Dezeen stating that people “shouldn’t underestimate what it takes” to build public spaces with private money.

The photography is by Michael Moran for Related Companies.

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Hale PET Felt lounge chair by De Vorm

Dezeen Showroom: De Vorm has released the Hale PET Felt lounge chair made from recycled plastic bottles pressed into a soft material with the slenderness of a wood seat.

The Hale PET Felt lounge chair features a seat and backrest made of PET felt. Both recycled and recyclable, the material provides a contemporary and tactile alternative to timber.

Hale PET Felt Lounge Chair by De Vorm
The Hale PET Felt lounge chair has a soft but sturdy backrest and seat

With its gently curved economic shape and soft texture, the lounge chair makes a cosy addition to living rooms, hallways and lobbies.

“The extensive flexibility of this material allowed us to experiment with the curves in order to find an optimal ergonomic spine, essential for lounge chairs,” said the De Vorm design team.

“As a result, Hale is fitted to embrace the users granting them long-lasting seating comfort.”

Hale PET Felt Lounge Chair by De Vorm
The PET felt is both recycled and recyclable

The Hale PET Felt lounge chair can be customised with a choice of 11 PET felt blends, custom RAL colours for the powder-coated steel frame, and the option of upholstery in a range of hues.

The chair’s few components are easily disassembled, so it can be recycled at the end of a long life.

Product: Hale PET Felt lounge chair
Brand: De Vorm
Contact: sales@devorm.nl

About Dezeen Showroom: Dezeen Showroom offers an affordable space for brands to launch new products and showcase their designers and projects to Dezeen’s huge global audience. For more details email showroom@dezeen.com.

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