Studio Fuksas completes Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport

Thousands of hexagonal skylights bring natural light into this new terminal that Italian architects Massimiliano and Doriana Fuksas have completed at Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport in China (+ slideshow).

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Terminal 3 more than doubles the capacity of the existing airport, which is located 32 kilometres north-west of Shenzhen’s city centre. It is set to open later this week and will facilitate up to 45 million passengers per year.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Studio Fuksas looked at the shapes of various living creatures when planning the layout of the complex. “The concept of the plan for Terminal 3 of Shenzen Bao’an international airport evokes the image of a manta ray, a fish that breathes and changes its own shape, undergoes variations, [and] turns into a bird to celebrate the emotion and fantasy of a flight,” said the architects.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

A curving roof canopy constructed from steel and glass wraps around the airport, accommodating spans of up to 80 metres. Hexagonal skylights perforate the surface of this roof, allowing natural light to filter through the entire terminal.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

This pattern, which the architects describe as a honeycomb, is reflected in the polished tile floor, as well as on the stainless steel check-in desks and gates designed especially for the airport by Studio Fuksas.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

“The interiors have a sober profile and a stainless steel finish that reflects and multiplies the honeycomb motif of the internal skin,” said the architects.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The concourse is divided across three levels, allowing separate floors for arrivals, departures and servicing, and voids in the floor-plates create a series of double- and triple-height spaces.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Cylindrical white columns are positioned at intervals to support the arching roof and sit alongside air-conditioning vents designed to look like chunky trees.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

This is the first airport by Massimiliano and Doriana Fuksas, whose previous projects include the Lycée Georges Frêche school for hotel management in France and Foligno Church in Italy. The architects are now working on two further extensions to the airport, which will complete in 2025 and 2035.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Read on for more information from the design team:


Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport, Terminal 3

The highly anticipated new terminal at Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport, Guangdong, China, will be operational from the 28 November, 2013.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The first airport by acclaimed architects Massimiliano and Doriana Fuksas it is set to become an iconic landmark that will boost the economic development of Shenzhen – one of the fastest-growing cities in the world.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Won by international competition, it has undergone a remarkably rapid process of design and construction, completing within 3 years.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The client, Shenzhen Airport (Group) Co., is so pleased with the striking design that it is taking the unusual step of trying to copyright it.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The terminal – the largest single public building to be built to date in Shenzhen – encompasses 63 contact gates, with a further 15 remote gates and significant retail space. It will increase the capacity of the airport by 58%, allowing the airport to handle up to 45 million passengers per year.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The sculptural 500,000 sq.m. / 5,381,955 sq.ft (approx) terminal, evokes the image of a manta ray and features a striking internal and external double ‘skin’ honeycomb motif that wraps the structure. At 1.5 km long, with roof spans of up to 80m, honeycomb shaped metal and glass panels punctuate the façade of the terminal allowing natural light to filter through. On the interior, the terminal is characterised by distinctive white conical supporting columns that rise to touch the roof at a cathedral-like scale.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The focal point of the design is the concourse located at the intersection of the building. Consisting of three levels – departure, arrivals and services – they vertically connect to create full height voids, allowing natural light to filter from the highest level down to the lowest.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Studio Fuksas has created an interior, as striking and elegant as the exterior. The spatial concept is one of fluidity and combines two different ideas: the idea of movement and the idea of pause. Carefully considering the human experience of such environments, Studio Fuksas focused on processing times, walking distances, ease of orientation, crowding, and availability of desired amenities.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Stand-out features of the interior design include stylised white ‘trees’ that serve as air conditioning vents, and check-in ‘islands’, gates and passport-check areas with a stainless steel finish that beautifully reflect the honeycomb patterns from above.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The honeycomb motif translates through into many aspects of the interior and at different scales – from the larger retail boxes to smaller 3D imprints in the wall cover.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

The Studio Fuksas designed Terminal 3 is of critical importance to the future of Shenzhen as a booming business and tourist destination, and will bring benefits to the region as a whole.

Terminal 3 at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport by Studio Fuksas

Studio Fuksas are engaged on two further phases of the airport extension, scheduled to complete in 2025 and 2035 respectively.

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Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport
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Tsutsumi & Associates converts Beijing factory into furniture brand headquarters

Tsutsumi & Associates has added a spiral staircase and glazed meeting rooms to an old factory in Beijing to transform the building into the headquarters of a furniture company (+ slideshow).

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

Beijing firm Tsutsumi & Associates renovated the entire four-storey building for Daxing Furniture, adding production facilities on the lower levels, a furniture showroom on the second floor, and offices on the third floor and mezzanine loft.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

The staircase spirals up through a double-height void in the upper section of the building to connect the showroom with the offices. Glazed office cubes are positioned around the space, while an inclined atrium is visible on one side through a large internal window.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

“I wanted to make [the space] as transparent as possible and emphasise the dynamics of the overhung loft volume,” architect Yoshimasa Tsutsumi told Dezeen.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

Concrete slabs are left exposed throughout the building, creating gridded ceilings that are streaked with rows of angled spotlights.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

The architects also installed a wall of living plants on the office floor. “This separates the white boxes from the background and softens the office space at the same time,” said Tsutsumi.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

Photography is by Misae Hiromatsu.

Here’s a project description from Tsutsumi & Associates:


Daxing Factory Conversion

The factory building was converted to the head office of the furniture manufacturer.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

The programs are factory for 1st floor , 2nd floor and half of 3rd floor, exhibition space for half of 3rd floor, office space for 4th floor. The exhibition space of 3rd floor is connected to the 4th floor through spiral stairs where the existing floor was removed. 5.5m ceiling height is enough to make skip-floor style, so that we aimed to realise three-dimensional office landscape.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

The requested programs were conference room, meeting room, resting space, office space, vice-presidents room and so on. Comparatively public programs of these such as conference room were put near to the elevator hall, on the other hand office space was put on inner part of the floor. Office space was planned to open, whereas the rooms those were needed to be closed would be treated as a group of several volumes in the huge space.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

The spiral staircase that was put in the centre of the floor connects the exhibition space of 3rd floor and office space of 4th floor and resting space of loft. When we enter from the elevator hall, we can see the conference room in tiers next to the void with spiral staircase. On the opposite side of the conference room across the void, there is small-sized meeting room and the volume of the resting space is flying over it.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

After passing through this small-sized meeting room, there is office space with skip-floor where the sections are clearly separated by the floor height also the difference of eye level induce the communication between them.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

When rising up to 1.2m level, we reach the back of the conference room in tiers. This conference room connects between entrance hall and office space, when not using conference room we can use this as shortcut.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

Basic use materials are white EP paint on the wall, mortar finish on the existing floor, steel checkered plate on the skip-floor. Around some part like elevator hall or stairs, Corten steel was used to add rigid accent, on the other hand on the wide wall at the end of the entrance hall vertical plant was put to soften space.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

Inside the landscape with various levels, white boxes are put as if to make village. There are some bypasses, hidden area and open area, alcove where we can look down the atrium, also we can overview whole area from the loft space. As if we walk inside the ancient village, we can enjoy sequential view here.

Daxing Factory Conversion by Tsutsumi & Associates

Client: THT Design & Consulting
Design: Nie Yong + Yoshimasa Tsutsumi / Tsutsumi & Associates
Address: Daxing district, Beijing, China
Area: 4,964 square metres
Program: office, exhibition space, factory
Construction: THT Design & Consulting
Completion: September 2013

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Ink, Beijing: The Hong Kong-based men’s concept store brings its anti-commercial, underground yet high fashion labels to Beijing

Ink, Beijing


It’s easy to imagine how important the concept of VIP is in a country where individuality is easily lost in an immense multitude of people. Among Chinese men, the older generations are still quite status-oriented and fashion is often simply a tool used…

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CHI, Beijing: The cozy new restaurant in Wudaoying Alley champions freshness and local goods

CHI, Beijing


So far in Beijing, the exploration of culinary culture has mainly moved on the boundaries of regional ethnic food. Spicy Sichuan delicacies—which used to have a strong grasp on the capital’s food scene in the past decade—passed the torch to the natural flavors…

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Under Armour Theatre Shanghai : The Maryland-based brand’s first Chinese store introduces the experience of sport through film and design

Under Armour Theatre Shanghai


Few things are as American as the idea that with a great work ethic, any individual can achieve anything—be it as grand a dream as becoming the president or a professional athlete or as seemingly basic as earning an education. While this fundamental…

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Volcanic Slab D2C flagship store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

This labyrinth-like fashion store in Hangzhou, China, by 3Gatti Architecture Studio features a rotating toilet and a hidden love room “equipped with bar and condoms” (+ slideshow).

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

3Gatti Architecture Studio created a complex landscape of extruded cuboid volumes on the upper level and a similarly intricate topography on the ceiling of the floor below at the store, which is the first physical outlet for online fashion retailer D2C.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

The architects liken the forms to rock forms generated by volcanic activity. “Volcanic Slab is an existing building slab reshaped with volcanic energy to accommodate two floors of retail space,” said chief architect Francesco Gatti.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

Most intriguing – although unfortunately not shown in the photos – is a rotating, circular toilet, behind which is a hidden “love nest”.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

“In case you want to go to the toilet the challenge ratio increases considerably,” the architects write. “Behind the door you will find a curved rubber-like wall impossible to pull or push but if you are smart enough you will discover that is the surface of a rotating cylindrical room. Sliding the wall will allow you to discover the hole-entrance where to go inside the circular space and the same hole if rotated again will make you discover before the toilet, after the sink and finally the entrance to the love room; a soft nest equipped with bar and condoms. I don’t need to say more.”

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

Back in the store itself, chunky cuboids that continue all the way to the floor are used as changing rooms and others that almost reach the ground house the cashiers. “If you enter inside the extruded fitting room the space will be red like hot lava stored inside the slab,” said Gatti.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

Spotlights are dotted across the rough grey floor on the lower level, illuminating the white extrusions above.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

A staircase ascends through a large hole in the slab to the upper level, where the concept is flipped upside-down and the volumes protrude from the floor instead.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

On this floor shoppers have to navigate over a series of stepped blocks all at different heights.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

The metal rails displaying the garments span over the white blocks, lit-up by more spotlights installed in the undulating grey ceiling.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

Profiles of the volumes are visible around the edge of the store’s exterior. Glass walls surround both storeys so the thick slab dividing them appears to float.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio

3Gatti Architecture Studio has come up with a few experimental interior designs. The firm has completed a store in Shanghai with clashing concrete staircases that looks like an MC Escher drawing, and an office where meeting rooms and a cafe are housed in a red faceted volume.

Here’s the text sent to us by the designers:


Volcanic Slab – D2C flagship store in Hangzhou

D2C is a multi brand platform where to buy the most interesting international fashion brands on the internet and now also on a physical space, a challenging physical space. Volcanic Slab is an existing building slab reshaped with volcanic energy to accommodate two floors of retail space.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio
Concept sketch

The concept is as simple as this but creates a very intricate and complex labyrinthine space that will challenge your shopping experience.

This simple idea creates a very strong identity of the shop; even coming from the street is possible to see immediately the reshaped slab on the building façade. This squared skyline is not only a façade decoration but you will notice immediately from the glass window that is actually the shape of the slab that will continue inside the store.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio
Ground floor plan- click for larger image

Entering from the ground floor will allow you to be under the squared slab, you will walk between the extruded volumes that come from the ceiling creating different functions depending on their shape and size; fitting rooms, cashier room, clothes or swing hangers areas or just simple screens and labyrinth walls that coming from the top never touch the ground.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio
First floor plan- click for larger image

Taking the stairs will allow you to go through the slab and understand its simple logic and identity; upstairs you will be able to walk on top of the volcanic formations, challenged in a continuous up and down of steps and cubes that actually serves as display area of the fashion products or in the biggest cases as fitting room. If you enter inside the extruded fitting room the space will be red like hot lava stored inside the slab.

D2C concept store by 3Gatti Architecture Studio
Section- click for larger image

In case you want to go to the toilet the challenge ratio increases considerably: behind the door you will find a curved rubber-like wall impossible to pull or push but if you are smart enough you will discover that is the surface of a rotating cylindrical room. Sliding the wall will allow you to discover the hole-entrance where to go inside the circular space and the same hole if rotated again will make you discover before the toilet, after the sink and finally the entrance to the love room; a soft nest equipped with bar and condoms. I don’t need to say more.

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by 3Gatti Architecture Studio
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Sinuous structure by NEXT architects wins Chinese bridge competition

News: Dutch studio NEXT architects has won a competition to design a pedestrian bridge for Changsha, China, with plans for a wavy structure based on the continuous form of a Möbius strip.

NEXT Architects designed the 150-metre bridge to span the Dragon King Harbour River in Changsha’s Meixi Lake district – a 6.5 million square-metre development masterplanned by Kohn Pedersen Fox and being built from scratch in the south west of the city.

Sinuous structure by NEXT architects wins Chinese bridge competition

The structure will comprise a sequence of undulating steel ribbons that combine to create a never-ending surface, just like a Möbius strip.

“The construction with the intersecting connections is based on the principal of the Möbius ring,” said Michel Schreinemachers of NEXT Architects, who previously completed a bridge in the Netherlands with different routes for pedestrians and cyclists.

Architect John van de Water says the form is also intended to reference traditional Chinese crafts. “It refers to a Chinese knot that comes from an ancient decorative Chinese folk art,” he explained.

Sinuous structure by NEXT architects wins Chinese bridge competition
Concept diagram

The bridge will create three different routes across the water, including one that reaches a height of 24 metres to offer views of the harbour, the city and the surrounding mountains. Lighting fixtures will highlight the profile of the structure after dark.

Construction is set to begin in 2014.

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wins Chinese bridge competition
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Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

The folded concrete walls of this lakeside visitor centre in China‘s Anhui Province were designed by architects Archiplein to mimic the uneven surfaces of the surrounding mountains (+ slideshow).

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

The two-storey building sits at the base of Jiǔhuá Shān, one of the five Sacred Mountains of China, and provides a restaurant and rest stop for the many pilgrims that visit the landmark each year.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

Architects Feng Yang, Leroux Marlène and Jacquier Francis of Archiplein wanted to design a building that merges with the landscape, like in traditional Chinese landscape paintings.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

“In this kind of painting, the building and the nature are not two separated systems stuck together; they are represented as an integrated whole where the architecture is not the main focusing point of the composition,” they explained.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

The building is constructed from concrete, which was formed against wooden boards to give a rough texture to the exterior surfaces.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

The walls zigzag in and out on both levels, creating a series of facets along the lakeside facade.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

“The strategy is to consider the building as the continuity of the existing topography so as to reduce its impact on the land,” said the architects. “The building is bended by following the natural movement and defines a set of different faces that minimises its size.”

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

Dozens of square windows are scattered across the elevations and matching skylights dot the rooftops.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

An internal ramp connects the two floors inside the building, which both contain large dining areas filled with tables and chairs.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

The architects have also added a shallow pool of water with steps leading down to its surface.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

Photography is by Frédéric Henriques.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

Here’s a project description from Archiplein:


Tianzhoushan Tea House

The project is located in Anhui province, in one of the five sacred Taoist mountains of China.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

To define the new relation between this building and the surrounding nature, the project has been inspired by the typical Chinese painting.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

In this kind of painting, the building and the nature are not two separated systems stuck together, they are represented as an integrated whole where the architecture is not the main focusing point of the composition.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

It reproduces in a way the natural form and follows the general movement of the landscape.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

For this specific situation we develop this philosophy of vanishing. The strategy is to consider the building as the continuity of the existing topography so as to reduce its impact on the land.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

The building is bended by following the natural movement and defines as set of different faces that minimises its size.

Concrete Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein

Status: realised
Type: architecture, touristic infrastructure
Data: 2009-2012, 1000 m², 3M €
Location: Anhui, China
Team: Feng, Jacquier, Leroux

Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein
3D building model
Site plan of Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein
Site plan – click for larger image
Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein
Floor plan – click for larger image
Section of Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein
Section – click for larger image
Elevation of Tianzhoushan Tea House by Archiplein
Elevation – click for larger image

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by Archiplein
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Steven Holl to design four museums for new complex in China

News: New York architect Steven Holl has won a competition to design four museums in Qingdao, China, with a concept for a series of “art islands” linked by a looping route of galleries and pathways (+ movie).

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

The Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao will occupy an 18-hectare site to the north of Jiaozhou Bay, creating a complex of museums dedicated to classic art, modern art, public art and performing arts.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

Steven Holl’s plan features a snaking tunnel structure designed to reference the form of the nearby Jiaozhou Bay Bridge – the world’s longest bridge over water. This “light loop” will connect the four museums, accommodating a trail of galleries inside.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

“The project starts with a very unique connection to Qingdao and the idea of actually connecting to the morphology of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge,” says Holl in a movie accompanying the competition entry. “It inspires the possibility of this whole project to become related to that linear idea.”

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

Three of the museums will comprise cube-shaped structures positioned at intervals along the route, while the fourth will be positioned around a public square at the centre of the complex.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

The surrounding spaces will be filled with gardens, pools of water and an outdoor sculpture park.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

“There’s a great porosity and a great fusion between the movement across the site and the movement in the gallery system above,” says the architect. “It will have breezes coming in from the ocean that cool the entire landscape.”

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

A mixture of sanded aluminium and stained concrete will be used to construct the new buildings.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl

Here are some extra details from Steven Holl Architects:


Steven Holl Architects Wins Invited Competition for the Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City

Steven Holl Architects has been selected by near unanimous jury decision as the winner of the new Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City competition, besting OMA and Zaha Hadid Architects. The 2 million sq ft project for four museums is the heart of the new extension of Qingdao, China, planned for a population of 700,000.

The winning design for the new Culture and Art Centre begins with a connection to Qingdao. The linear form of the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge – the world’s longest bridge over water – is carried into the large site, in the form of a Light Loop, which contains gallery spaces and connects all aspects of the landscape and public spaces. The raised Light Loop allows maximum porosity and movement across the site, and permits natural sound bound breezes that blow in off the ocean to flow across the site.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl
Bridge link concept

Set within the master plan are Art Islands, or Yishudao, which take the form of three sculpted cubes, and four small landscape art islands that form outdoor sculpture gardens. Five terraced reflecting pools animate the landscape and bring light to levels below via skylights.

The Light Loop and Yishudao concepts facilitate the shaping of public space. A great central square for large gatherings is at the centre of the site overlooking a large water garden. The Modern Art Museum shapes the central square. The Public Arts Museum forms the main experience of entry from the south. The North Yishudao contains the Classic Art Museum, with a hotel at its top levels, and the South Yishudao, which floats over the large south reflecting pool, holds the Performing Arts Program.

In the Light Loop, all horizontal galleries receive natural light from the roof that can be controlled with 20% screens as well as blackout options. The 20 metre wide section of the Light Loop allows side lighting to the lower level galleries, and provides space for two galleries side by side, avoiding dead-end circulation.

Culture and Art Centre of Qingdao City by Steven Holl
Site layout diagram

The basic architecture is in simple monochrome of sanded marine aluminium and stained concrete, with the undersides of the Light Loops in rich polychrome colours of ancient Chinese architecture. These soffits are washed with light at night to become landscape lighting in shimmering reflected colours.

The entire project uses the most sustainable green technologies. Placed between the skylights on the Light Loop, photovoltaic cells will provide 80% of the museum’s electrical needs. The reflecting ponds with recycle water, while 480 geothermal wells provide heating and cooling.

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for new complex in China
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Satan Lucky: China’s subversive illustrator on walking the censorship line, free speech and publishing

Satan Lucky


Beijing-based comic designer and illustrator Satan Lucky—a light-hearted name choice he made as a teenager—is not a dark character at all. On the contrary, he’s a smiling, cheerful young man with a very independent spirit and…

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